The majority of voice biometrics platforms and applications are proprietary in nature. This eliminates any opportunities for interoperability among the various components (i.e., enrollment, verification, database, etc.) that comprise a voice biometrics system. For example, a ‘sample’ voiceprint captured via system ‘B’ cannot be compared to a ‘base’ voiceprint captured by system ‘A’, and so on.
There are several organizations actively engaged in the development of biometric (including voice) industry standards, including:
• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
• BioAPI Consortium (BioAPI)
• International Standards Organization (ISO)
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Two examples of standards under development include:
Media Resource Control Protocol (MRCP): MRCP is a protocol, developed by Cisco Systems, Inc., Nuance Communications, Inc., and SpeechWorks, and backed by the IETF, that allows interoperability among various speech resources within telephony applications.
Voice Extensible Markup Language (VoiceXML): According to Wikipedia, “VoiceXML is the W3C’s standard XML format for specifying interactive voice dialogues between a human and a computer. It allows voice applications to be developed and deployed in an analogous way to HTML for visual applications. Just as HTML documents are interpreted by a visual web browser, VoiceXML documents are interpreted by a voice browser or IVR.”
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